Roma 1:21

1:21 For although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God or give him thanks, but they became futile in their thoughts and their senseless hearts ¹  were darkened.

Roma 1:24

1:24 Therefore God gave them over ²  in the desires of their hearts to impurity, to dishonor ³  their bodies among themselves. ⁴ 

Roma 1:26-27

1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged the natural sexual relations for unnatural ones, ⁵  1:27 and likewise the men also abandoned natural relations with women ⁶  and were inflamed in their passions ⁷  for one another. Men ⁸  committed shameless acts with men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error.

Roma 2:15

2:15 They ⁹  show that the work of the law is written ¹⁰  in their hearts, as their conscience bears witness and their conflicting thoughts accuse or else defend ¹¹  them, ¹² 

Roma 3:3

3:3 What then? If some did not believe, does their unbelief nullify the faithfulness of God?

Roma 3:13

3:13 “Their throats are open graves, ¹³ 

they deceive with their tongues,

the poison of asps is under their lips.” ¹⁴ 

Roma 3:15-16

3:15 “Their feet are swift to shed blood,

3:16 ruin and misery are in their paths,

Roma 3:18

3:18 “There is no fear of God before their eyes.” ¹⁵ 

Roma 10:1

10:1 Brothers and sisters, ¹⁶  my heart’s desire and prayer to God on behalf of my fellow Israelites ¹⁷  is for their salvation.

Roma 10:18

10:18 But I ask, have they ¹⁸  not heard? ¹⁹  Yes, they have: ²⁰  Their voice has gone out to all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world. ²¹ 

Roma 11:9-12

11:9 And David says,

“Let their table become a snare and trap,

a stumbling block and a retribution for them;

11:10 let their eyes be darkened so that they may not see,

and make their backs bend continually.” ²² 

11:11 I ask then, they did not stumble into an irrevocable fall, ²³  did they? Absolutely not! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make Israel ²⁴  jealous. 11:12 Now if their transgression means riches for the world and their defeat means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full restoration ²⁵  bring?

Roma 11:14-15

11:14 if somehow I could provoke my people to jealousy and save some of them. 11:15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?

Roma 11:27

11:27 And this is my covenant with them, ²⁶ 

when I take away their sins.” ²⁷ 

Roma 15:27

15:27 For they were pleased to do this, and indeed they are indebted to the Jerusalem saints. ²⁸  For if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they are obligated also to minister to them in material things.

Roma 16:5

16:5 Also greet the church in their house. Greet my dear friend Epenetus, ²⁹  who was the first convert ³⁰  to Christ in the province of Asia. ³¹ 

Roma 16:17

16:17 Now I urge you, brothers and sisters, ³²  to watch out for those who create dissensions and obstacles contrary to the teaching that you learned. Avoid them!

[1:21]  ¹ tn Grk “heart.”

[1:24]  ² sn Possibly an allusion to Ps 81:12.

[1:24]  ³ tn The genitive articular infinitive τοῦ ἀτιμάζεσθαι (tou atimazesqai, “to dishonor”) has been taken as (1) an infinitive of purpose; (2) an infinitive of result; or (3) an epexegetical (i.e., explanatory) infinitive, expanding the previous clause.

[1:24]  ⁴ tn Grk “among them.”

[1:26]  ⁵ tn Grk “for their females exchanged the natural function for that which is contrary to nature.” The term χρῆσις (crhsi") has the force of “sexual relations” here (L&N 23.65).

[1:27]  ⁶ tn Grk “likewise so also the males abandoning the natural function of the female.”

[1:27]  ⁷ tn Grk “burned with intense desire” (L&N 25.16).

[1:27]  ⁸ tn Grk “another, men committing…and receiving,” continuing the description of their deeds. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[2:15]  ⁹ tn Grk “who.” The relative pronoun was converted to a personal pronoun and, because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[2:15]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “show the work of the law [to be] written,” with the words in brackets implied by the Greek construction.

[2:15]  ¹¹ tn Or “excuse.”

[2:15]  ¹² tn Grk “their conscience bearing witness and between the thoughts accusing or also defending one another.”

[3:13]  ¹³ tn Grk “their throat is an opened grave.”

[3:13]  ¹⁴ sn A quotation from Pss 5:9; 140:3.

[3:18]  ¹⁵ sn A quotation from Ps 36:1.

[10:1]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.

[10:1]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “on behalf of them”; the referent (Paul’s fellow Israelites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[10:18]  ¹⁸ tn That is, Israel (see the following verse).

[10:18]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “they have not ‘not heard,’ have they?” This question is difficult to render in English. The basic question is a negative sentence (“Have they not heard?”), but it is preceded by the particle μή (mh) which expects a negative response. The end result in English is a double negative (“They have not ‘not heard,’ have they?”). This has been changed to a positive question in the translation for clarity. See BDAG 646 s.v. μή 3.a.; D. Moo, Romans (NICNT), 666, fn. 32; and C. E. B. Cranfield, Romans (ICC), 537, for discussion.

[10:18]  ²⁰ tn Here the particle μενοῦνγε (menounge) is correcting the negative response expected by the particle μή (mh) in the preceding question. Since the question has been translated positively, the translation was changed here to reflect that rendering.

[10:18]  ²¹ sn A quotation from Ps 19:4.

[11:10]  ²² sn A quotation from Ps 69:22-23.

[11:11]  ²³ tn Grk “that they might fall.”

[11:11]  ²⁴ tn Grk “them”; the referent (Israel, cf. 11:7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:12]  ²⁵ tn Or “full inclusion”; Grk “their fullness.”

[11:27]  ²⁶ sn A quotation from Isa 59:20-21.

[11:27]  ²⁷ sn A quotation from Isa 27:9; Jer 31:33-34.

[15:27]  ²⁸ tn Grk “to them”; the referent (the Jerusalem saints) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:5]  ²⁹ sn The spelling Epenetus is also used by NIV, NLT; the name is alternately spelled Epaenetus (NASB, NKJV, NRSV).

[16:5]  ³⁰ tn Grk “first fruit.” This is a figurative use referring to Epenetus as the first Christian convert in the region.

[16:5]  ³¹ tn Grk “Asia”; in the NT this always refers to the Roman province of Asia, made up of about one-third of the west and southwest end of modern Asia Minor. Asia lay to the west of the region of Phrygia and Galatia. The words “the province of” are supplied to indicate to the modern reader that this does not refer to the continent of Asia.

[16:17]  ³² tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.